Brain-Computer Interfaces -- Developing an Optical Brain-Computer Interface for Humanoid Robot Control -- Using motor imagery to control brain-computer interfaces for communication -- An online gaze-independent BCI system used dummy face with eyes only region as stimulus -- A Kronecker Product Structured EEG Covariance Estimator for a Language Model Assisted-BCI -- Poor BCI performers still could benefit from motor imagery training -- Predicting EEG Sample Size Required for Classification Calibration -- An SSVEP and Eye Tracking Hybrid BNCI: Potential beyond Communication and Control -- Multi-Brain BCI: Characteristics and Social Interactions -- Comparing EEG Artifact Detection Methods for Real-World BCI -- Examining the Neural Correlates of Incidental Facial Emotion Encoding Within the Prefrontal Cortex Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy -- Exploring the EEG Correlates of Neurocognitive Lapse with Robust Principal Component Analysis -- Augmenting VR/AR Applications with EEG/EOG Monitoring and Oculo-Vestibular Recoupling -- Electroencephalography and Brain Activity Measurement -- Neural Correlates of Purchasing Decisions in an Ecologically Plausible Shopping Scenario with Mobile fNIR Technology -- Real-time Monitoring of Cognitive Workload of Airline Pilots in a Flight Simulator with fNIR Optical Brain Imaging Technology -- Truthiness: Challenges associated with employing machine learning on neurophysiological sensor data -- Evaluation of Cognitive Control and Distraction using Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Individuals and Patients with Multiple Sclerosis -- Auditory Alarm Misperception in the Cockpit: An EEG Study of Inattentional Deafness -- Multi‐Model Approach to Human Functional State Estimation -- Using fNIRS for Realtime Cognitive Workload Assessment -- Modeling and Tracking Brain Nonstationarity in a Sustained Attention Task -- Linking Indices of Tonic Alertness: Resting-State Pupil Dilation and Cingulo-Opercular Neural Activity.-Evaluating Neural Correlates of Constant-Therapy Neurorehabilitation Task Battery: An fNIRS Pilot Study -- Overloaded and Biased? Using augmented cognition to understand the interaction between information overload and cognitive biases -- Session-to-session transfer in detecting steady-state visual evoked potentials with individual training data -- Paired Associative Stimulation with Brain-Computer Interfaces: A New Paradigm for Stroke Rehabilitation -- Single Trial Variability of Event-Related Brain Potentials as an Index of Neural Efficiency during Working Memory -- Cognitive Modelling and Physiological Measuring -- A More Complete Picture of Emotion using Electrocardiogram and Electrodermal Activity to Complement Cognitive Data -- Real-Time Fatigue Monitoring with Computational Cognitive Models -- Introduction to Real-Time State Assessment -- User Abilities in Detecting Vibrotactile Signals on the Feet Under Varying Attention Loads -- Estimate Emotion Method to Use Biological, Symbolic Information Preliminary Experiment -- Job Analysis and Cognitive Task Analysis in National Security Environments -- Measuring the Effect of Tangible Interaction on Design Cognition -- Psychological Baseline Methods and Usage -- Physiological Measures of Arousal during Soldier-Relevant Tasks Performed in a Simulated Environment -- Theoretical versus Mathematical Approach to Modeling Psychological and Physiological Data -- Monitoring attention with embedded frequency markers for simulation environments -- Augmenting Robot Behaviors Using Physiological Measures of Workload State -- Posture-Based Recognition of the Visual Focus of Attention for Adaptive Mobile Information Systems -- Considerations in Physiological Metric Selection for Online Detection of Operator State: A Case Study -- Sensing and Assessing Cognitive Workload across Multiple Tasks.

This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition, AC 2016, held as part of the 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2016, which took place in Toronto, Canada, in July 2016. HCII 2016 received a total of 4354 submissions, of which 1287 papers were accepted for publication after a careful reviewing process. The 50 papers presented in this volume were organized in topical sections named: brain-computer interfaces; electroencephalography and brain activity measurement; and cognitive modeling and physiological measuring. .